Black Gum

Black Gum (Nyssa sylvatica)

Black Gum (Nyssa sylvatica), also known as Black Tupelo, is a native deciduous tree valued for its glossy green foliage, consistent form, and exceptional fall color. Adaptable, long-lived, and ecologically beneficial, this species brings ornamental beauty and wildlife support to landscapes ranging from formal plantings to naturalized woodlands.

Distinctive Features

Nyssa sylvatica is known for its lustrous, dark green leaves that turn brilliant shades of red, orange, and purple in fall. The tree develops a strong central trunk with a broadly pyramidal to oval crown as it matures. Its small greenish-white flowers in spring attract pollinators, followed by blue-black fruit that provides food for birds and wildlife. The textured gray bark and clean silhouette make it visually interesting even in winter. With strong structural lines and dependable seasonal transitions, it serves as a compelling focal point in large-scale plantings.

Growing Conditions

• Sun Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
• Soil: Prefers moist, acidic, well-drained soil; tolerates clay and periodic wetness
• Water: Moderate; adapts to wet or average moisture conditions
• USDA Hardiness Zones: 4 to 9

Ideal Uses

• Focal Point: Vivid fall foliage and upright growth offer year-round structure
• Shade Tree: Provides reliable canopy coverage for lawns and gardens
• Wildlife Gardens: Flowers and fruit support pollinators and native birds
• Naturalized Areas: Excellent for woodland edges, meadows, and riparian zones
• Urban Landscapes: Tolerates pollution and compacted soils once established

Low Maintenance Care

• Watering: Keep evenly moist during establishment; tolerates periodic drought once mature
• Pruning: Prune to maintain strong structure; best done in late winter
• Fertilizing: Apply a slow-release fertilizer in spring only if needed
• Mulching: Use mulch to retain soil moisture and reduce weed competition
• Longevity: Extremely durable and long-lived with minimal pest issues

Why Choose Black Gum?

• Outstanding Fall Color: One of the most reliable native trees for autumn display
• Wildlife Value: Supports birds, bees, and beneficial insects
• Adaptability: Thrives in a range of conditions from wet to dry soils
• Low Maintenance: Minimal care once established
• Focal Point: Bold seasonal color and upright habit suit both natural and designed landscapes

Nyssa sylvatica is a versatile native tree offering year-round beauty, wildlife benefits, and strong performance in a wide range of environments, making it a smart and enduring choice for any landscape plan.