Northern Spicebush

Northern Spicebush (Lindera benzoin)

Northern Spicebush (Lindera benzoin) is a native deciduous shrub valued for multi-season interest, aromatic foliage, and wildlife support. A member of the laurel family, it opens clusters of small yellow flowers in early spring before leaf-out, followed by bright red berries on female plants in late summer and golden foliage in fall. As a host plant for the spicebush swallowtail butterfly, it is a cornerstone species for native and habitat-focused gardens.

Distinctive Features

Fragrant, ovate green leaves release a spicy citrus scent when crushed. Early spring brings clouds of tiny yellow blooms along bare stems, adding brightness to woodland edges. Female plants set glossy red berries that birds relish. Typically 6 to 12 feet tall and wide, it forms a rounded, multi-stemmed habit that blends naturally into understory plantings.

Growing Conditions

• Sun Exposure: Partial shade to full shade; tolerates full sun with consistent moisture.
• Soil: Prefers rich, moist, well-drained soils; tolerant of clay and loam.
• Water: Moderate; thrives in evenly moist conditions.
• USDA Hardiness Zones: 4 to 9.

Ideal Uses

• Focal Point: Early bloom and autumn color provide seasonal highlights.
• Woodland Gardens: Naturally suited to shaded understory areas.
• Wildlife Gardens: Supports butterflies, birds, and beneficial insects.
• Native Plant Landscapes: Foundational shrub for ecological designs.
• Rain Gardens: Performs well in moist, low-lying sites.

Low Maintenance Care

• Watering: Water regularly the first season; tolerates occasional wet soils thereafter.
• Pruning: Minimal; shape lightly in late winter if desired.
• Fertilizing: Usually unnecessary in fertile soils; top-dress with compost in spring.
• Mulching: Maintain a mulch layer to conserve moisture and suppress weeds.
• Disease Resistance: Generally pest and disease free.

Why Choose Northern Spicebush?

• Native Beauty: Seasonal color and fragrance for woodland landscapes.
• Pollinator Support: Essential host for spicebush swallowtail; attracts early pollinators.
• Fall Color and Fruit: Golden foliage and red berries add late-season appeal.
• Adaptable Growth: Tolerates varied light and soil conditions.
• Focal Point: Distinctive native shrub that enhances habitat and design.

Lindera benzoin brings fragrance, foliage, and wildlife value to gardens. Used as a specimen, in naturalized borders, or within native plantings, it delivers reliable beauty and ecological benefits across multiple seasons.