Washington Hawthorn

Washington Hawthorn (Crataegus phaenopyrum)

Washington Hawthorn (Crataegus phaenopyrum) is a native, multi-season small tree known for its clusters of white spring flowers, brilliant red fall foliage, and persistent scarlet fruit that offers visual interest well into winter. With its upright, rounded form and dense branching, it is both ornamental and ecologically valuable.

Distinctive Features

This species stands out for its profuse bloom of white flowers in late spring, followed by small, shiny red berries that linger into winter and attract birds. The glossy, dark green foliage transforms to vivid shades of red, orange, or purple in autumn. While thorns are present, they are relatively modest in size and not overly aggressive. The tree typically reaches 25�30 feet tall and wide, forming a dense canopy suitable for shade and screening.

Growing Conditions

• Sun Exposure: Full sun
• Soil: Adaptable to a wide range of soils, including clay and alkaline types
• Water: Moderate; tolerates dry conditions once established
• USDA Hardiness Zones: 4�8

Ideal Uses

• Focal Point: Seasonal flowers, vibrant fall color, and winter berries provide lasting appeal
• Wildlife Gardens: Fruit supports birds and pollinators through the colder months
• Screening: Dense branching structure makes it suitable for privacy hedges
• Naturalized Landscapes: A hardy native option for restoration and pollinator plantings
• Small Shade Tree: Offers filtered shade for patios, sidewalks, and gardens

Low Maintenance Care

• Watering: Moderate needs; establish with regular watering, then water during drought
• Pruning: Prune in winter to shape or remove dead wood; avoid heavy pruning
• Fertilizing: Fertilize in early spring with a general-purpose tree fertilizer if needed
• Mulching: Apply mulch to conserve moisture and reduce weed growth
• Protection: Can have some thorns; plant away from heavy foot traffic if a concern

Why Choose Washington Hawthorn?

• Multi-Season Beauty: Flowers, berries, and fall color all contribute to year-round interest
• Wildlife Value: Provides food and shelter for birds and beneficial insects
• Compact Form: Suitable for small yards and urban landscapes
• Disease Resistant: More resistant to rust than many other hawthorns
• Focal Point: Stands out in every season and supports native biodiversity

Crataegus phaenopyrum is a resilient and attractive native tree that brings year-round color, structure, and ecological benefit to a wide range of landscape settings.