American Holly

American Holly (Ilex opaca)

American Holly (Ilex opaca), also known as White Holly or Evergreen Holly, is a stately native evergreen tree prized for its dense, pyramidal form and iconic spiny leaves. Female trees produce vibrant red berries that persist through winter, providing seasonal interest and food for birds. Its strong form and evergreen foliage make it a natural focal point in both traditional and modern landscapes.

Distinctive Features

This slow-growing broadleaf evergreen features dark green, leathery, spined leaves and a naturally symmetrical habit. When pollinated by a nearby male, female plants produce clusters of bright red berries that contrast beautifully with the foliage. The tree's dense structure offers year-round cover for wildlife and a consistent architectural presence in the garden.

Growing Conditions

• Sun Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
• Soil: Prefers well-drained, slightly acidic soil; tolerates sandy or clay conditions
• Water: Moderate; benefits from supplemental water in dry periods
• USDA Hardiness Zones: 5�9

Ideal Uses

• Focal Point: Pyramidal shape and evergreen foliage draw attention year-round
• Privacy Screen: Dense branching provides excellent coverage
• Wildlife Garden: Berries feed birds; thick foliage shelters nesting species
• Formal Landscapes: Classic shape suits structured planting designs
• Foundation Planting: Evergreen form anchors large-scale building landscapes

Low Maintenance Care

• Watering: Water deeply during establishment; tolerates some drought once mature
• Pruning: Minimal pruning needed; can be shaped in late winter if desired
• Fertilizing: Use an acid-loving plant fertilizer in spring if needed
• Mulching: Maintain a mulch ring to preserve soil moisture and reduce weeds
• Protection: Protect from deer browsing if pressure is high

Why Choose American Holly?

• Native Evergreen: Supports local wildlife while offering year-round greenery
• Winter Interest: Bright red berries create striking seasonal contrast
• Versatile Structure: Works in privacy hedges, naturalized groves, or as a specimen
• Low Upkeep: Durable and adaptable with little ongoing care
• Focal Point: Makes a bold, lasting impression in residential and commercial landscapes

Ilex opaca delivers classic evergreen form and ecological value, making it a smart and enduring choice for gardeners seeking native structure, wildlife support, and four-season visual impact.